  | 1895 founding of the Combat Alliance for the Liberation of the Working Class
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  | 1897 exile to Siberia
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  | instigates the schism of Russian social democracy into Bolsheviks and Mensheviks
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  | 1905 - after failure of attempted uprising - exile to Finland
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  | from there, starting in 1917, preparations for the "October Revolution" in Russia
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  | chairman of the Council of People's Commissars
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  | 1918, implementation of the cease fire with the German Reich (Peace of Brest-Litovsk)
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  | 1919 founding of the III Communist International
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  | Politburo and Secretariat of the Central Committee of the CP: New Economic Policy
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  | 1922 founding of the Soviet Union with a federative constitution
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  | 1923 assassination attempt
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  | until his death in 1924, incapable of political activities due to illness |